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Jimi

Diamond Contributor
Member For 5 Years
This Sleep Supplement Takes on Cancer
from Every Conceivable Angle

After the sun goes down, a natural hormone rises within our bodies to prepare us for sleep.

For those who have trouble sleeping, it can be taken as a supplement. And that's just what three million Americans do every night -- they take melatonin. Others take it to avoid jet lag after flying across time zones. It helps reset the body clock.

But melatonin has many remarkable properties that make it a treatment for much more than sleep disruptions.

It protects the brain, heart and digestive system. It also has important roles in tackling cancer. So much so that one group of scientists describes melatonin as "a Full Service Anti-Cancer Agent."1

This is what they mean. . .

Scientists discovered in 1958 that melatonin, derived from the amino acid L-tryptophan, is produced within the brain's pineal gland at night.

For this reason, it's sometime referred to as the 'hormone of darkness,' producing physiological changes that help induce sleep, such as reducing body temperature and breathing rate.

But its role goes well beyond this. Melatonin is not only a hormone but a cell protector that's produced all over the body, impacting almost every cell. For instance, the gastrointestinal tract produces more than 500 times as much melatonin as the pineal gland.

Melatonin plays multiple roles in the immune system and has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Because it can dissolve in both lipids (fats) and water, melatonin easily crosses cell membranes and can even traverse the blood-brain barrier.

Through these actions and abilities it protects brain cells from damage, improves cognitive function, combats brain injury trauma including stroke, prevents damage to the heart muscle, speeds wound healing, and reduces pain.

But melatonin’s most important talent may be the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Backed by 2,000 studies

The role of melatonin in cancer has been thoroughly evaluated, with over 2,000 scientific papers published during the last half century.

Scientists have proposed multiple means by which melatonin interferes with the growth of experimental tumors in lab studies. A dozen processes have been put forward, and another dozen potential mechanisms have been suggested.

A research group from the University of Texas, writing in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2017, found it "perplexing" that one compound can act in so many ways to restrain cancer development.

They suggested such a diverse range of actions may actually be secondary to a more fundamental process that has yet to be identified.2

Here’s a brief list of some of the key mechanisms by which melatonin acts against cancer:

Strong free radical scavenger. This helps protect DNA from damage and mutation and thereby prevents cancer from getting started in the first place. It also promotes the expression of antioxidant enzymes and reduces the activation of pro-oxidant enzymes.

Acts as a pro-oxidant. Like vitamin C, which is an antioxidant at low levels and a pro-oxidant at high levels, melatonin can generate free radicals to directly kill tumors.

Limits the cellular uptake of linoleic acid. This omega 6 fat gets converted into a molecule that promotes the proliferation of cancer. This is of particular interest these days, because the standard American diet contains far higher volumes of this fat than our ancestors ate.

Inhibits the activity of telomerase in human breast cancer cells. Telomeres are fragments of DNA that protect the ends of chromosomes. In healthy cells, they become shorter each time a cell divides until the cell is no longer able to divide -- and growth stops. Cancer cells avoid this process of natural cell death by producing the enzyme telomerase, which repairs telomeres and enables cancer cells to keep dividing without limit.

Regulates body levels of estrogen and growth hormone. These are critical hormones in cancer development.

Prevents angiogenesis (growth of new blood vessels unique to the tumor). Endothelin-1 is a vasoconstrictor secreted by endothelial cells to regulate cell proliferation. It is often elevated in cancer patients. Melatonin markedly inhibits this factor to prevent tumor blood vessel growth.

Promotes apoptosis (cell death). Endothelin-1 protects cancer cells from undergoing apoptosis, the natural cell death I described a moment ago. By inhibiting endothelin, melatonin helps promote the “suicide” of cancer cells.

Inhibits metastasis. Melatonin is able to deter molecular processes that help cancer cells enter the vascular system and establish secondary growths at distant sites.

No financial rewards from its use

The bulk of the research on melatonin has been in breast cancer. Not only does it act through multiple mechanisms and pathways, but observations in the lab are supported by a couple of important facts about cancer risk: Breast cancer is more common in middle and older age groups, who suffer from declining melatonin levels, and breast cancer risk is likewise higher in women who are repeatedly exposed to light at night (such as those who work the night shift).

Other cancers studied have been ovarian, pancreatic, liver, colorectal, lung, bone, brain, prostate and leukemia. In each instance, the researchers found positive evidence for the anti-cancer action of melatonin.

Melatonin not only reduces the toxicity of conventional drugs and increases their effectiveness, but remarkably, it makes cancers that are resistant to treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy become sensitive to those treatments.

Scientists don’t know the reason for this, but they think it’s related to the fact that cancer cells have poorly functioning circadian rhythms or clocks and melatonin might help stabilize them.

I mentioned earlier that University of Texas scientists were perplexed about the amazing versatility of melatonin. I should add that they also raised a question: Why isn't it used in regular cancer therapy?

They found the evidence "overwhelmingly convincing" for its use, especially as it "lacks any notable toxicity or negative side effects at virtually any dose."

They suggested a reason that readers of this newsletter are familiar with: it’s inexpensive and non-patentable, so there are no financial gains to be reaped from its use. The Texas team laments that the National Institutes of Health minimally support studies even when many demonstrate substantial cancer inhibition.

Doubles survival

A review of human studies carried out by researchers at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark in 2015 found that melatonin, when used with chemotherapy, increased survival and reduced toxicity in every case.

They wrote, "Melatonin significantly improves complete and partial remission as well as the one-year survival rate by around 50%."3

Joint author Mogens Claesson said, "It seems that melatonin may be an inexpensive and very effective cancer treatment."

Last year, a research group from China published its findings after analyzing 20 randomized controlled trials. Participants in the trials suffered from a variety of metastatic solid tumors, i.e. advanced cancer.

The Chinese researchers found the combination of chemotherapy and melatonin doubled the remission rate to 15.57%, compared to 7.07% for chemo alone.

The figures for overall survival likewise doubled, 28.24% versus 14.19%. The duration of most trials was one year and patients usually took a 20 mg pill at night. (That’s a much larger dose than one would use as a sleep aid.)

Their conclusion was that melatonin "can effectively improve the remission rate and overall survival rate of tumor patients while reducing the incidence rate of neurotoxicity, thrombocytopenia [low blood platelet count] and asthenia [lack of energy] during chemotherapy."4

Safe even in high doses

One doctor who has been championing the use of melatonin for some years is Frank Shallenberger, MD, a pioneer and leader in the field of integrative medicine based in Carson City, Nevada.

He suggests patients with cancer should take high doses as the "safety data on melatonin is astounding." According to Dr. Shallenberger, nobody has ever discovered a toxic dose.

He reveals, surprisingly, that many leading melatonin researchers take 100 mg a day themselves for preventative purposes and that he routinely prescribes anything from 60 to 200 mg a day for his own cancer patients.5

These seem like staggeringly high doses considering no more than three mg is usually taken to induce sleep – and often much less. The highest dose used in published human cancer trials was 20 mg.

When scientists first tested the effects of vitamin C, they used 100 mg. They thought this was high because it was ten times the amount needed to prevent scurvy. We now know 100 mg is a very small dose. Perhaps melatonin is in the same category and could be safely used in much higher amounts.

This is supported by a review carried out by scientists in Denmark in 2016. They wrote:

"In general, animal and human studies documented that short-term use of melatonin is safe, even in extreme doses. Only mild adverse effects, such as dizziness, headache, nausea and sleepiness have been reported. No studies have indicated that exogenous melatonin should induce any serious adverse effects.

"Similarly, randomized clinical studies indicate that long-term melatonin treatment causes only mild adverse effects comparable to placebo."6

In spite of the safety data, nobody should be taking melatonin in the kind of doses Dr. Shallenberger suggests unless working with an integra
 

SteveS45

Diamond Contributor
ECF Refugee
Member For 5 Years
How to Stay Safe During a Heat Wave
Scorching temperatures and high humidity—especially together—can pose serious health risks. Here's how to protect yourself.

https://www.consumerreports.org/weather-safety/how-to-stay-safe-in-a-heat-wave/



bucket
 

SteveS45

Diamond Contributor
ECF Refugee
Member For 5 Years
Good article Steve, thank you for posting it. It sure is the season for it my friend:)

We are in a major Heat Advisory in my area right now and I read last night that an X NY Giants Player died after working outside his parents store in Arkansas. Made me think because I did a job yesterday in this heat and although hindsight is 20-20 I should have been a little more conscious of safety. Don't worry I am fine~! As a matter of fact just made a pitcher of Ice Green Tea with Lemon~!
 

Rhianne

Diamond Contributor
Member For 2 Years
ECF Refugee
How to Stay Safe During a Heat Wave
Scorching temperatures and high humidity—especially together—can pose serious health risks. Here's how to protect yourself.

https://www.consumerreports.org/weather-safety/how-to-stay-safe-in-a-heat-wave/



bucket


Good one, Steve. It’s been horrible in NY, as you know! My AC crapped out for a while, and I was starting to feel really bad. I never thought I could get sick like that inside from the heat. And now I know meme here.


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Rhianne

Diamond Contributor
Member For 2 Years
ECF Refugee
We are in a major Heat Advisory in my area right now and I read last night that an X NY Giants Player died after working outside his parents store in Arkansas. Made me think because I did a job yesterday in this heat and although hindsight is 20-20 I should have been a little more conscious of safety. Don't worry I am fine~! As a matter of fact just made a pitcher of Ice Green Tea with Lemon~!

Glad you’re okay. Haven’t been watching the news so missed that story. Hope the tea was good!


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SteveS45

Diamond Contributor
ECF Refugee
Member For 5 Years
Glad you’re okay. Haven’t been watching the news so missed that story. Hope the tea was good!

No, I was fine because I always stay hydrated and I have worked in the heat for years although not like I used to. Just after seeing that an X Football Player who should know more about heat stroke and hydration died, it made me think.

fc52th054-01-main.jpg
 

Jimi

Diamond Contributor
Member For 5 Years
We are in a major Heat Advisory in my area right now and I read last night that an X NY Giants Player died after working outside his parents store in Arkansas. Made me think because I did a job yesterday in this heat and although hindsight is 20-20 I should have been a little more conscious of safety. Don't worry I am fine~! As a matter of fact just made a pitcher of Ice Green Tea with Lemon~!
This heat wave is something:eek:, hard for an old phart like me to do anything in it:rolleyes:. People get outside in it working and it takes over before you can do anything. I am glad you're alright my friend;) be extra careful in this heat from hell. Great I'll be over for a glass in a bit:giggle: that sounds delicious, great choice
 

Jimi

Diamond Contributor
Member For 5 Years
I have this thing called a Chillow, it's a water pack that covers my whole chest and more. Ya fill it, put it in the fridge, an d it WILL stop a 911 heat wave in it's tracks. I always have it handy
 

Rhianne

Diamond Contributor
Member For 2 Years
ECF Refugee
No, I was fine because I always stay hydrated and I have worked in the heat for years although not like I used to. Just after seeing that an X Football Player who should know more about heat stroke and hydration died, it made me think.

fc52th054-01-main.jpg

He should’ve been aware, you’d think!! NY is really fucking miserable this summer, I can’t stand it. But I’m not going outside unless I really have to, so I’m watching a lot of YT vids ( old movies). Have a good weekend.


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Jimi

Diamond Contributor
Member For 5 Years
Can’t Think Straight
When You’ve Got Cold or Flu? Here’s Why


Some people report that when they get sick with a cold or the flu, it often feels like their brain stops in its tracks. They can’t do any deep thinking, and if they have to make difficult decisions they find it best to wait till they’re feeling better to face them.

There’s a good reason for this type of mental disruption. According to researchers who have been delving into the question of what happens in the brain when we suffer from infections, doctors should pay more attention to how these illnesses impede our reasoning abilities and hamper our memories even after the virus seems to be completely gone.

This is your brain on the flu. . .

This past winter has seen a big increase in people coming down with the flu. Understandably, most of us are concerned about how the flu affects our lungs and upper respiratory tract – in some severe cases, flu-related breathing problems can kill.

But It turns out that, along with inflammation in our respiratory tract, the flu virus can lead to inflammation among the brain’s neurons. The inflammation can lead to a significant fall-off in memory and thinking ability.

Several studies now show that at the same time as the flu causes your immune system to go into overdrive in order to kill off infection in your lungs, serious inflammation is also going on in the nervous tissue of your brain, inflammation that makes harmful changes to brain tissue.

Overactive Microglia

Much of the problem with brain inflammation during a bout with the flu centers on the actions of microglia – immune cells that circulate among the brain’s neurons. If you’ve been reading this newsletter for long, you know about microglia – the brain’s garbage collectors. They perform many tasks that, under normal circumstances, help maintain the neural networks linked to memory and reasoning.

In their “quiet” normal state, these immune cells maintain the synapses between neurons – the areas where neurons pass messages to one another in the form of electrical and chemical signals. This exchange of information among neurons is central to forming thoughts, memories and emotions.

But when you suffer the flu, your immune system sets off inflammatory signals in the body that activate immune cells to kill off the flu virus. Unfortunately, say researchers, while that inflammation is busy protecting the body from the invasion of the pathogens, a side effect is to put the microglia into an inflammatory reactive state that sets off “cognitive dysfunction associated with influenza infection.”1

In other words, your thinking is scrambled and your mood deteriorates.

The effects of brain inflammation can include:

  • Depression: A study in England indicates that inflammation in brain tissue can increase your chances of depression because it limits the birth of new brain cells and speeds the death of existing brain cells. The researchers link this action to the release of the inflammatory protein IFN-α, a substance that activates immune cells.2
  • Impaired thinking and learning: Research suggests that viral infections like the cold and flu interfere with neurotransmitters that facilitate communication among the brain’s neurons. These problems can persist even after the body fights off the virus.3
  • Obsessive-compulsion-disorder (OCD): Tests in Canada show that brain inflammation in people with OCD is more than 30 percent higher than in people without OCD. Using brain imaging, the researchers found that OCD sufferers had microglia that were more active in six different brain areas that are believed to be involved in producing OCD symptoms.4
An important warning from this research is to remember that flu and cold infections seriously compromise your thinking ability and emotions. Don’t expect to be mentally sharp until you fully recover!
 

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